万师强教授团队在全球变化生态学领域取得系列研究成果

   我校万师强教授所带领的研究团队一直致力于陆地生态系统结构和功能对全球变化的响应研究，其所在的全球变化生态学实验室近年来取得了系列重要研究成果，发表在Global Change Biology，Scientific Reports，Applied Soil Ecology，Atmospheric Environment，Oecologia等国际生态学主流期刊上。

    由于人类活动加剧引起的大气层温室气体富集、气候变暖、降水格局改变、大气氮沉降和土地利用方式改变等全球变化，对陆地生态系统的结构和功能产生深刻的影响。然而陆地生态系统如何响应全球变化，以及对陆地生态系统未来状况和动态的预测存在很大的不确定性。万师强教授团队开展了多项长期野外控制实验，深入探讨了植物、土壤动物和微生物以及它们参与的碳、氮、水循环过程的变化规律和内在机制，并取得了多项原创性成果：1). 气候变暖存在昼夜不对称性，夜间气温升高幅度显著高于白天。白天增温可以通过减少优势物种的多度而降低群落稳定性，强调了优势物种对于生态系统功能的重要性；夜间增温则通过增加碳固持提升了草地的干旱抵抗力，因此以每天的平均温度预测全球变化的影响不能真实地反映草原生态系统的响应(Yang et al., Global Change Biology, 2016; Yang et al., Scientific Reports, 2016)。2). 增加降水显著增加了土壤线虫的种群密度，但并不影响营养类群结构；而氮添加不改变土壤线虫的种群密度，但改变了线虫群落构成，显著降低了土壤线虫属的丰富度、线虫群落的通路指数(CI)和成熟度指数(MI)。氮素添加使食物网的复杂性降低，结构趋向于简单化。该研究结果对于土壤生物多样性保护及区域经济的可持续发展具有重要指导意义(Song et al., Applied Soil Ecology, 2016;Song et al., European Journal of Soil Biology, 2015)。3). 干旱生态系统对降水变化十分敏感，降水通过调节土壤水分和养分的可利用性而影响微生物群落结构组成；微生物呼吸速率对增加降雨和减少降雨的响应是不对称的，在未来温带草原降雨量增加的气候变化情景下，异养呼吸的响应可能比自养呼吸更敏感(Zhao et al., Scientific Reports, 2016)。4). 模型模拟研究发现1982至2011年间我国春季沙尘释放总体呈下降趋势，20世纪80年代至90年代风速的降低是导致起沙量降低的直接原因；严重干旱事件会导致次年春季沙尘释放量的急剧上升，春季高温条件对起沙过程具有促进作用，土地利用方式造成的植被盖度变化对沙尘释放具有重要影响(Song et al., Atmospheric Environment, 2016)。5).研究了草原生态系统的蝗虫爆发对生态系统生产力、碳交换、生态系统呼吸和土壤呼吸等碳通量的影响，并分析了土壤铵态氮和植物群落盖度等在碳过程中的调节作用，并强调了生态系统遇到干扰时维持其稳定性的重要作用(Song et al., Oecologia, 2015)。

    以上研究得到了科技部重大科学研究计划项目、国家自然科学基金委重点项目及河南省创新人才项目等资助。

附件：全球变化生态学实验室发表论文

2016

Zhongling Yang, Qian Zhang, Fanglong Su, Chunhui Zhang, Zhichao Pu, Jianyang Xia, Shiqiang Wan, Lin Jiang. 2016. Daytime warming lowers community temporal stability by reducing the abundance of dominant, stable species. Global Change Biology 22.Accepted.

Cancan Zhao,Yuan Miao, Chengde Yu, Lili Zhu, Feng Wang, Lin Jiang, Dafeng Hui, Shiqiang Wan.2016.Soil microbial community composition and respiration along an experimental precipitation gradient in a semiarid steppe. Scientific Report 6, 24317.

ZhonglingYang, Lin Jiang, FanglongSu, Qian Zhang, JianyangXia, ShiqiangWan.2016. Nighttime warming enhances drought resistance of plant communities in a temperate steppe. Scientific Report 6, 23267.

BingSong, ShuliNiu, Shiqiang Wan. 2016. Precipitation regulates plant gas exchange and its long-term response to climate change in a temperate grassland. Journal of Plant Ecology,doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtw010

ChengGao, Yong-Chan Kim, Yong Zheng, Wei Yang, Liang Chen, Niu-Niu Ji, Shi-Qiang Wan, Liang-DongGuo. 2016. Increased precipitation, rather than warming exerts strong influence on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community in a semiarid steppe ecosystem. Botany 94,doi:10.1139/cjb-2015-0210

Lingli Liu, Xin Wang, Marc J. Lajeunesse, Guofang Miao,ShilongPiao, ShiqiangWan, Yuxin Wu, Zhenhua Wang, Sen Yang, Ping Li, MeifengDeng. 2016. A cross-biome synthesis of soil respiration and its determinants under simulated precipitation changes. Global Change Biology 22, 1394-1405.

JingXie, Jiquan Chen, Ge Sun, TianshanZha, Bai Yang, Housen Chu, Junguo Liu, ShiqiangWan, Caixian Zhou, Hong Ma, Charles P.-A. Bourque, Changliang Shao, Ranjeet John, Zutao Ouyang. 2016. Ten-year variability in ecosystem water use efficiency in an oak-dominated temperate forest under a warming climate. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 218, 209-217.

Min Song, Xiaoming Li, Shuishui Jing, Lingjie Lei, Jiali Wang, Shiqiang Wan. 2016. Responses of soil nematodes to water and nitrogen additions in an old-field grassland. Applied Soil Ecology 102, 53-60.

HongquanSong, Kesheng Zhang, ShilongPiao, Shiqiang Wan. 2016. Spatial and temporal variations of spring dust emissions in northern China over the last 30 years. Atmospheric Environment 126, 117-127.

2015

Hui Zhu, Xuehui Zou, Deli Wang, Shiqiang Wan, Ling Wang,JixunGuo. 2015. Responses of community-level plant-insect interactions to climate warming in a meadow steppe.Scientific Reports 5, 18654.

ZhuwenXu, Haiyan Ren, Mai-He Li, Jasper van Ruijven, Xingguo Han, Shiqiang Wan, Hui Li, Qiang Yu, Yong Jiang, Lin Jiang. 2015. Environmental changes drive the temporal stability of semi-arid natural grasslands through altering species asynchrony. Journal of Ecology 103, 1308-1316.

WeiZhang, Weijun Shen, Shidan Zhu, Shiqiang Wan, Yiqi Luo, Junhua Yan, Keya Wang, Lei Liu, Huitang Dai, Peixue Li, Keyuan Dai, WeixinZhang, Zhanfeng Liu, Faming Wang, YuanwenKuang, Zhian Li, Yongbiao Lin, Xingquan Rao, Jiong Li, Bi Zou, XianCai, Jiangming Mo, Ping Zhao, Qing Ye, Jianguo Huang, Shenglei Fu. 2015. CAN canopy addition of nitrogen better illustrate the effect of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on forest ecosystem?Scientific Reports 5, 11245.

Jian Song, Dandan Wu, Pengshuai Shao, Dafeng Hui, Shiqiang Wan. 2015. Ecosystem carbon exchange in response to locust outbreaks in a temperate steppe. Oecologia 178, 579-590.

Min Song, Shuishui Jing, Yaqiong Zhou, Yan Hui, Lili Zhu, Feng Wang, Dafeng Hui, Lin Jiang, Shiqiang Wan. 2015. Dynamics of soil nematode communities in wheat fields under different nitrogen management in Northern China Plain. European Journal of Soil Biology 71, 13-20.

 NailiZhang, Shiqiang Wan, JixunGuo, Guodong Han, Jessica Gutknecht, BernhardSchmid, Liang Yu, Weixing Liu, Jie Bi, Zhen Wang, Keping Ma. 2015. Precipitation modifies the effects of warming and nitrogen addition on soil microbial communities in northern Chinese grasslands. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 89, 12-23.

JunyiLiang, Jianyang Xia, Lingli Liu, Shiqiang Wan. 2015. Testing for temperature acclimation of plant carbon exchange: a comment on 'Global patterns of the responses of leaf-level photosynthesis and respiration in terrestrial plants to experimental warming' by Liang et al. Response. Journal of Plant Ecology 8, 335.

Yong-ChanKim, ChengGao, Yong Zheng, Xin-Hua He, Wei Yang, Liang Chen, ShiqiangWan, Liang-DongGuo. 2015. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community response to warming and nitrogen addition in a semiarid steppe ecosystem. Mycorrhiza 25, 267-276.

Zhongling Yang, Yann Hautier, Elizabeth T. Borer, Chunhui Zhang, Guozhen Du. 2015. Abundance- and functional-based mechanisms of plant diversity loss with fertilization in the presence and absence of herbivores.Oecologia 179, 261-270.